Wednesday, November 27, 2019
10 Easy Ways for Students to Raise Their FICO Score
10 Easy Ways for Students to Raise Their FICO Score Why Students Need a Good FICO Score A FICO score is a type of credit score that is calculated with software from Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO). Having a good FICO score is very important if you want to get approved for fair interest rates on private student loans, credit cards, and other sources of credit. FICO scores cant be improved overnight, but there are 10 easy steps that students can take to raise their FICO score Step 1: Establish New Accounts If you want to establish credit or raise your FICO score, you can get a credit card in your name and use it responsibly. This means charging regularly and paying the balances off regularly as well. If possible, get a card with a high limit and always keep the card balance below 25 percent. Step 2: Piggyback on Another Account If a parent or some other responsible individual is willing to add your name to their credit card account, it might help your credit and boost your FICO score. Every time this person charges and makes payments on the account it will look good for you. Read more about the legality of piggybacking. Step 3: Get Secured Debt If you are having difficulty getting approved for a regular credit card, try getting a secured credit card. These cards are perfect for those who have poor credit because they allow you to make charges that can be covered by money you have already applied to an account. There is no way for you to overcharge or miss payments. Eventually, use of the card will increase your FICO score. Step 4: Dont Apply for Too Much Credit If you have a flurry of credit inquiries on your credit history because you applied for 10 different credit cards and 5 different loans in a three-month period, it can lower your FICO score. If you can, try to limit yourself to two inquires each year. Step 5: Increase Your Current Card Limits The lower your balances are on your credit cards in comparison to the limit of your credit cards, the better your credit report will look and the higher your FICO score will be. If getting the balances paid down is proving to be a problem, or even if its not, contact your creditors and ask for a higher limit. Step 6: Pay Off Old Accounts If you have old, unpaid debts on your credit report, it can really drag your FICO score down. One of the best ways to undo the damage that has been done is to pay off old accounts and make arrangements with the creditors to have the judgments removed. Step 7: Dont Close Old Accounts Even if they are unused, old credit accounts attribute to your length of credit history and affect your score. The longer you have an account, the better it looks. Closing old accounts can lower your FICO score even further. Step 8: Always Pay Bills On Time Not paying your bills on time is a sure-fire way to lower your FICO score. Each late payment can lower your score by as much as 20 points. In contrast, paying your bills on time consistently can raise your FICO score. Step 9: Lower Your Debt Having a significant amount of outstanding debt, such as student loans, cars loans, and other types of installment loans, can lower your debt-to-income ratio and in turn, your FICO score. If you can lower your debt; your FICO score will begin to rise at a fast pace. Step 10: Get Help If you are having a hard time managing your credit and raising your FICO score to an acceptable level, consider getting professional help through a low-cost or no-cost credit counseling service.
Saturday, November 23, 2019
How to Obtain a Copy of a Social Security Application Form SS-5
How to Obtain a Copy of a Social Security Application Form SS-5 Once youve found your ancestor in the Social Security Death Index, you may want to request a copy of your ancestors original Social Security Application. An excellent record for genealogical information, the SS-5 is the application form used by an individual to enroll in the U.S. Social Security program. What Can I Learn From a Social Security Application (SS-5)? The SS-5, or Application for Social Security Number is a great resource for learning more about individuals who died after about 1960, and generally includes the following: Full nameFull name at birth, including maiden namePresent mailing addressAge at last birthdayDate of birthPlace of birth (city, county, state)Fathers full nameMothers full name, including maiden nameSexRace as indicated by the applicantWhether the applicant ever applied for Social Security or Railroad Retirement beforeCurrent employers name and addressDate signedApplicants signature Who is Eligible to Request a Copy of the SS-5? As long as a person is deceased, the Social Security Administration will provide a copy of this Form SS-5, Application for Social Security Number to anyone who makes a request under the Freedom of Information Act. They will also release this form to the registrant (the person who belongs to the Social Security Number) and to anyone who has a release-of-information statement signed by the person about whom the information is sought. To protect the privacy of living individuals, there are specific requirements for SS-5 requests involving extreme age. The SSA will not provide a copy of the SS-5 or otherwise release information about any person who is under 120 years old unless you can provide acceptable proof of death (e.g., death certificate, obituary, newspaper article, or police report).The SSA will also redact (black out) parents’ names on an SS-5 application unless you provide proof that the parents are deceased or both have a birth date more than 120 years ago. They will also release parents names in cases where the number holder on the SS-5 is at least 100 years of age. This restriction is, unfortunately, a bit tricky when your purpose of requesting the SS-5 is to learn the names of the parents. How to Request a Copy of the SS-5 The easiest way to request a copy of the SS-5 form for your ancestor is to apply online through the Social Security Administration. A printable version of this SS-5 Application Form is also available for mail-in requests. Alternatively, you can send (1) the persons name, (2) the persons Social Security Number (if known), and (3) either evidence of death or a release-of-information statement signed by the person about whom the information is sought, to: Social Security AdministrationOEO FOIA Workgroup300 N. Greene StreetP.O. Box 33022Baltimore, Maryland 21290-3022 Mark both the envelope and its contents: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION REQUEST or INFORMATION REQUEST. There is a fee of $27.00 regardless of if the Social Security Number is known, and you must provide the persons full name, date and place of birth, and names of parents. If you have a Social Security Number from family records or a death certificate but are unable to locate the individual in the SSDI, then it is strongly suggested that you include proof of death with your application, as it will likely be returned to you otherwise with that request. If the individual was born less than 120 years ago, you also need to include proof of death with your request. The usual wait time for receiving a copy of a Social Security Application Form is 6-8 weeks, so be prepared to be patient. Online applications are generally a bit quicker - often with a turnaround time of 3-4 weeks, although this may vary based on demand. Also, it is important to note that the online application system doesnt work if you need to provide proof of death.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
I will add the preper topic soon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
I will add the preper topic soon - Essay Example became a fully fledged effects facility, but by the time Jackson directed his first Hollywood-backed movie, The Frighteners, weta had 14 workstations to generate astonishing 420 digital effects shots.†xv. Support from the New Zealand State for the LoTR project figured notably in the naming of a designated minister to work with the production team, and in the New Zealand army furnishing logistical support and extras, whilst public funds supported PR abroad as well as the refurbishing of the venue for the Return of the King premiere in Wellington. Xvi. Lee and Howe agreed to come to New Zealand, and they were ultimately credited as conceptual artists. They supplied thousands of sketches and paintings to guide the designers and help create a unified look for all research and projects going on in the various filmmaking departments. Xvii. It’s a good job that actor Stuart Townsend is engaged to actress Charlize Theron. That might just have come as at least some consolation for his having to give up the part of Aragorn four days into filming, handling over to Viggo Mortensen following â€Å"creative differences†. Xix. Billy Boyd who plays Pippin says, â€Å"My memory of the Two Towers is really me and Dom (Monaghan, who plays Merry) being stuck 15ft up Treebeard for a couple of months. You had to be harnessed for safety and it got to the point where you couldn’t get down for tea
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Communicating Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Communicating - Essay Example By analysing the location, set designs, costumes, movement, and props of The Matrix films, one realizes they attempt to communicate the idea of extreme transformation through technology. The Wachowski Brothers shot The Matrix, the first film of the trilogy, in Sydney, Australia (Kurt, 2008, p. 3). Filming occurred on soundstages set up on streets, tops of skyscrapers, and inside warehouses, a process that lasted for around sixty days. The directors were enthusiastic about Sydney as an ideal location for filming. This is because production expertise, competitive prices, and a great essence of teamwork collectively improved Sydney’s appeal. The directors and production team also preferred Sydney’s structural design within the city and its overall topography to American and European cities. The duty of making a sum of thirty production sets for The Matrix also occurred in Sydney. Here, two of the largest sets were the inside the Nebuchadnezzar, the hovering home of Morpheus and his disciples, and the office for the agents (Kurt, 2008, p. 4). This office integrated a whole Sydney office block. There was a key series involving immense filming in an office block. Directors and the production team were unable to achieve this series in a real location. As a result, the director’s team constructed a vast steel structure that resembled a contemporary skyscraper inside the soundstage. Afterwards, the team placed a background of Sydney outside the windows through a translight. Even though the background was a prop, the location of the filming of The Matrix in this particular scene remained in Sydney. Downward-streaming characters often depict the code that makes up the Matrix, which is the key concept of the three films. This code entails reflections of half-size kana characters and western Latin numbers, signs, and letters. Certain scenes in the film show how
Sunday, November 17, 2019
Comparative analysis of English letter writing Essay Example for Free
Comparative analysis of English letter writing Essay Research background  Business letter writing within an international context is of valuable significant in the business and career sector. An interest on business letter writing culture needs to be explored so as to understand various context of how different cultures within an international perspective write business letters. This means more empirical research on business letter writing methodologies and culture.  This will facilitate the easy comprehension of how to relate and even apply for work in different countries and getting an interview and subsequently a job based on the understanding of business letter culture and methodologies of that specific country.  This means, business letter writing culture has various different concepts, which need to be explored. Empirical research on business letter writing show there are various elements and principals of business letter writing. These elements are distinctive and are meant to supply sufficing background on how to correspond effectively in economic references. The context of business letters lies within the profound difference in culture and use of English in different countries. British, American and Canadian styles have almost similar formats but different style as well as different syntax construction elements.  In Canada, which is the key focus of this paper, there are many similarities in the standard format and style of English business letters but the style, syntax formation and word choice seriously dissent with the Standard English business letter. Our focus on the Canadian business letter writing culture and the concepts employed in writing these economic letters like work application letters, contract procurement letters, government trade concessions and incentives letters as well as translation of Canadian business letter reference translations to English. This profoundly draws out the adaptation of the English language by the Canadian culture and the subsequent nativization of the English language to the Canadian culture. The various elements of writing a business letter explains the context of globalization of English as a corporate lingua franca with emphasis on various business writing cultures and how they use these elements to communicate the various arising economic references. The Latvian context helps in cross-examining differences in the style and format of economic letters within different cultures as well as the inception of standard letter writing styles.   This explains the various contexts of business letter writing whereby, we examine the acquisition of English as a second language in Latvia, the inception of English letter writing in Canada and the different styles and approaches to business letter writing Canada as well as a cross examination on the differences in the formats and styles of economic reference letters in Britain and the America and the Canada.  This research background helps us review the literature on the context of Lavian, British, Canadian and American business letters. On the Canadian context, we explore further, the style, culture and the empirical research and profound review of the society’s perception of English as a second language and the subsequent use of the English language as a standard language to express and communicate business references in the Latvian corporate world. As such we add up existing empirical research with facts and reviews of arising differences, ease of translation and the use of various native Canadian (French, Indian) language style in business letter writing. Introduction  The increasing importance of business letters within an international context is important in improving the level of proficiency in both corporate executives and other persons who wish to write business letters. Business letters reflect to communication between a party and a company/corporation with a reference denoting an economic reference like a contract, application for a job or any other business related reference.  A more prolific description of business letter is ‘a letter written when particular issues on a particular corporate subject need to be resolved. These particular issues include establishing an important business contact in a local business environment and overseas, selling or buying, advertising and other business related activity.   When writing these letters certain principles referred to as ethical considerations are adhered to so as to add panache to the meaning of the letter. These ethical considerations are the drivers of the message of the letter and profoundly explain the role of the paper and the context of the perception, attitude and meaning of the letter writers’ intentions.   Emerging differences in style and format while both these aspects are derived from the traditional English business letter is of interest. It requires more research to explain how communities around the world adapt the English language to suit their native style and internationalize it. This paper explores the Canadian community and their business letter writing styles and formats.   Ethical considerations in business letter writing in Canada are similar to most Standard English formats and styles. According to Artemeva (1998) â€Å"in the global context, English is often used as a medium of communication for both the English-speaking and non-English speaking partners†(Artemeva 1998: 286). Toury explains this context of difference in the culture of writing more profoundly  He asserts that, two languages may possess a roughly corresponding set of styles; however, cultural factors, social context, organizational structure, and the like make the verbal representation of mental sets so highly situated within a particular culture that, even though these mental sets may overlap between one language and another, they rarely match exactly†Toury Gideon 1980). This explains the context of difference in style and format of Canada English letters from the Standard English business letter.  The Canadian context is better understood from the Bahktin and Rodman approach on difference in cultures and their adoption of English by these cultures. They assert that the differences between languages as systems imply certain incompatibilities between utterances produced by speakers and writers of different languages if they choose one shared language as a medium of communication. Artameva explains this context further through expounding on the difference on the sense of business letter translation by a non English speaker employ a rhetoric and a sequence of thought. According to Kaplan, this rhetoric and sequence of thought, â€Å"destroys the expectation of the native reader†(Kaplan 4).  Cultural influences, then, often lead to misconceptions that require to be empirically measured. Various tools of evaluating and overcoming such misconceptions are required. One of the most effective methodologies (tool) of evaluating these misconstruing is the contrastive rhetoric which highlights pragmatic errors that are as a result of interaction of language pragmatic errors that are â€Å"the result of an interactant’s imposing the social rules of one culture on the listeners’ communicative behavior. According to Riley the situation where the social rules of another culture would be more appropriate. He explains that grammatical systems of the Canadians and English are fundamentally different. English is a language in which grammatical meaning is largely expressed through the use of extra words and by changes in word order. Overview on writing letters in Canada and the British and American perspective  According to the Canadian English language proficiency, individual skills in using grammar to communicate is essential Paradigms of business letter writing and also general communication using the written form is of interest to Canadian researchers. There is minimal empirical research on the subject leading to scarce information on both style and various aspects of the concepts employed.  Due to its multi cultural nature, Canada represents an interesting tradition in writing and the gradual adaptation and adoption of English language to its multi culture. The education system as well as the corporate weather and institutions in Canada require individuals to obtain proficiency levels in Canadian English. These levels of proficiency will help these individuals have abilities in general reading and writing skills.   This has led to various institutions in Canada to lobby and support for the post-secondary and employment training programs in which functional reading and writing skills in the multi cultural society to increase the capacity of the labor sector. The labor sector as well as the education sector seeks to have individuals who have proficiency in reading and writing as well as abilities in sentence structure, reading comprehension, English usage, and essay writing.  According to Graves (1997), â€Å"the differences between Canadian British and American cultures as they manifest themselves in business discourse are in the complexity inherent in a multicultural society as in the context of Canada. In Canada there is a concern for and tolerance of others, awareness of class distinctions, concern for the collective over the individual. This distinct Canadian identity affects genres such as the direct marketing letter because the genre depends on shared understandings between writers and readers; these understandings in turn depend upon cultural values†(Graves 1997:2).  Examining the letters written by Canadians and Americans explain the difference in the cultural context of writing letters. Graves argues that Canadians, British and the Americans employ the concept of power distance, directness in the subject of the letter and individualism within the wordings style of the business letters. There are emerging differences in syntax formation and the style of writing the economic letters and most notable, there is the distinctive virtue by the Canadians About their nature. ‘Business communicators need to be aware that Canadians see themselves as culturally distinct, and they need to write differently for Canadian audiences’ (Graves 1997:2-6). Similarities and differences in the paradigms of letter writing in Canada, America and Britain Canada Britain America  ·Ã‚        Canadians stick to traditional British English ( This is in speech and syntax formation)  ·Ã‚        Language is curt and lays emphasis on the context of the purpose of communication due to the diversity of the community  ·Ã‚        The structural aspects of the Canadian letters are contentious. It is borrowed from both Englander and American style. The standard methodology is aligning the name, address and date of the writer and the addressee on the left  ·Ã‚        Britons stick to the traditional Queens English in both syntax and speech formation  ·Ã‚        The language, though aimed at denoting the purpose of the letter is traditional and the writers tries to maintain traditional England tradition  ·Ã‚        The English letter structural aspects are diverse. Name and address can be either left or right.  ·Ã‚        Americans have evolved English to suit their cultural and communication needs  ·Ã‚        There is minimal courtesy and the writer is elaborate, very brief and adhoc in his message through the use of slang words to shorten the letter and get to the point  ·Ã‚        American letter structural aspects reflect on aligning these addresses on the right and the addressee address on the right. Convections and the Canadian context of business letter writing  The genre of Canadian letters and the style is mostly associated with the Scottish emigrants. Numerous Scottish populations moved into Canada to form a Scottish community in the vast multicultural Canada. According to Moir (1984), Scottish repositories have played an important role in the preservation of Canadas written heritage, but few archivists and historians seem to be aware that Canadian institutions have reciprocated this favor to a significant degree. As a result of the increasingly heavy waves of emigration from Scotland that reached North America from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth centuries.  Canada has become a rich but relatively untapped source of manuscript material generated by Scots on both sides of the Atlantic. Analyzing these scripts is by no means near completion, and published inventories only hint at the wealth of material in Scotland that remains to be explored by students of Canadian social and business history in particular (Moir 1984: 146) Logan explains the Canadian letter writing as a profound and interesting. Logan emphasizes that Canadian business letter writers are keen on the subject of the letter and often make sure that the addressee is aware of what they want through the letter. Canadian economic letters are direct to the point and very clear on the subject.  A sample ancient Scottish-Canadian letter obtained from an archive shows the style and emphasis on the backbone of the message by the writer of the letter. As explained by Moir, the letter is part of the letter-books of Martin MacLeod that are in the possession of the Canadian History Department of the Metropolitan Toronto Library. After retiring from the British Army with the rank of captain, MacLeod took up the lease for his fathers sheep farm on Skye. The ensuing correspondence written at Drynock deals with the usual family concerns, especially MacLeods attempts to ensure that his children receive both a sound education on the isolated farm and ample provision for their future subsistence. For the most part, MacLeod was much more preoccupied with the management of his flocks, steadings, laborers, and sub-tenants as they all struggled through the difficult decade of the 1840s. Altho prices have recently been good, and very good yet, from the heavy losses of sheep from Braxy and severe weather as well as from the exorbitantly high prices of shearing materials, for some years of meal, matters were not, as people generally imagine, so easily brought to bear. (Moir, ppr 150) This letter is indicative of the exact subject the writer wants discussed and understood as easily and as fast as possible by the recipient.  The letter below also represents the directness and emphatic nature of the Canadians in their business and general communication through the written form. The letter is from a father in Dumfriesshire to his son in North America: Now Jock, if yere wee1 so much the better, and if yere doing wee1 yer mother and mes Vera glad tae heart’s, and if yere no wee1 were Vera sorry, but we canna help it, and as the postage between American and the Langholm runs pretty high, I must insist that the correspondence be stopped! (Moir, ppr 155)  Modern Canada defines and treats writing business letters as a practice within legislative, administrative, and diplomatic sphere. In Canada, this type of style is used in drawing up documents such as secretary correspondence, official documentation and administrative communication, juridical, diplomatic, legal laws, decrees, treaties, acts, official correspondence, certificates and application letters. Examples of Canadian business letters Sample 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND ACCEPTANCE OF ORDER  Date: 29th April 2008 To: IAN MUNRO  We are in receipt of your order as contained in the attached purchase order form. We confirm acceptance on said order subject only to the following exceptions:       Clean white, lean, fresh and from Derby On exceptions noted, we shall assume you agree to the same unless objection is received within ten days of receipt of this notice.  Thank you for your patronage.                                                                      Very truly, Sarah Corner Note that, Canadians end their letters with yours truly or truthfully. This is similar to the American style of closing their formal letters.  Sample 2 7890 Montreal Avenue Montreal Metro, ON 7MJ76 4J11 May 2, 2008 Mansfield Manufacturing Company 7080 Rue Prairie Montreal, QX 7CG 8LM23 Please replace the ten pairs of defective Jackboots recently purchased. I followed the guidelines for picking the proper jackboots but the package I was sold contains defective jackboots Perhaps your quality control people can determine why they have deteriorated so much. Youll find the pairs enclosed and you could make me feel better by replacing my ten pairs with quality jackboots. Sincerely, Al Kassim Kassam How Canadian address their envelopes when sending their business letters. Addressed Envelope DAVID KERRY 2889 DANIELS AVENUE NIAGARA FALLS ON L2G 4J5 MONTREAL SAXON COMPANY 1789 RUE MARCONI MONTREAL QC H2S 8K1 Note the block style format of address In Canada, almost everyone nowadays has the skills to write a letter. The style and genre are adapted to increase the ability of the letter to make sense and to impart the required message as intended by the letter writer. The Canadians make a brief introduction, a body of support paragraphs, and a conclusion.  The Canadian are no exception to formal style of structuring a business letter. In fact they conform to the principles of clear and effective writing that projects the exact nature of the message intended. As such, as in the case of British and American letters, Canadian letter business letters have their own specific features, which distinguish them from other letters so as to give them a functional style. These functional styles are: Objectivity Formality Specificity and accuracy Rationale Imperativeness Politeness Besides this structural style and distinctiveness, the Canadian business letter falls in the two commonplace types of letters Full block style: In this method of writing a business letter, the text and all its elements is aligned to the left margin of the paper. Modified block style: This requires writing the text down the middle of the page and aligning the return address, date, closing, signature, and typed name on the same direction (down the text); the other elements of the text are aligned to the left page margin of the paper. (George Mason University Writing Center 2006:1) This is exemplified by the letters below, which shows the structural outlook of the Canadian business letters. Sample of an annotated Business Letter (Note that, this letter is an excerpt from Pearson’s Education of Canada 2002)  134A Quebec Street Devonshire, ON LL3C 1LB6 November 4, 2002 Mr. Allan Cushy Toronto County Council 411 Northern Main Street Toronto, ON L3B 3X4 Dear Mr. Cushy Putting a stop sign on Aqueduct Street will reduce the chances that a speeding car will kill one of our children. Aqueduct Street looked like the quiet, safe environment I wanted for my children. Many of the neighborhood childrenâ€â€including my ownâ€â€enjoy playing along the street, and they sometimes cross it. Because Aqueduct Street runs parallel to a much busier major thoroughfare, car drivers use our street to avoid the heavier traffic and stop lights on Niagara Street. Most of these people are too fast for a residential neighborhood with many families and many children. My concerned neighbors and I feel that a four-way stop created at the corner of Aqueduct and Church would reduce non-residential traffic and slow down all the drivers using Aqueduct Street. The expense would be modest compared to the incalculable cost of a childs injury or death by a speeding motorist out to save a few minutes commuting time. By installing the stop signs, you can help make our street safer for children, as we request in the enclosed petition, signed by all the adults on Aqueduct Street.  Please contact me before the next council meeting on November 15. The residents of Aqueduct Street are worried that heavy non-residential traffic is endangering our children. We urge the City Engineer to place a four-way stop sign at the corner of Aqueduct and Church to help reduce the danger. Sincerely, AQUEDUCT STREET RESIDENTS COUNCIL Solomon Maguire President dbr Enclosure Copy to Councilor Peter Mechling Howard As such, we observe the structural composition of a Canadian business letter follows the following structural format, Heading Date Inside Address Salutation Complimentary Close Organization Name Writers Name Reference to Keyboardist Enclosure Notation Copy Notation Body of Letter Indicate one blank line Sample showing another approach in the format of a Canadian business letter 857 Albuquerque Niagara Falls, ON L2G 4J5 April 13, 2008 Allan Miller 8973 Strobin Avenue Montreal, QC H56L 90SL31 Ref Body of the letter Sincerely Joy Hoffman   Note that, the style and format show the blocks should be aligned to the left hand side as one writes the letter.  Samples of brief business letters/notes to customers Sample 1 Dear Customer Thank you for your order. At this time we cannot fill your order due to an unexpected shipment delay from our overseas suppliers. We will hold your order for arrival of the merchandise, and ship shortly thereafter. Unfortunately, we cannot provide you with a specific shipping date at this time. Thank you for your anticipated patience in this matter. Sample 2 Dear customer Please accept our apology for having shipped merchandise in excess of your purchase order. We have made an adjustment in your account to reflect this error and have arranged for our delivery service to pick up the excess merchandise on 16th May 2008. We are sorry for the inconvenience this has caused you and are most appreciative of your cooperation and understanding in this matter. Thank you for your recent order. Samples of employee business letters Sample 1 *********INTER-OFFICE MEMO********** FROM: CORPRAL MARCUS JENKINS III               DUTY AND REFERRALS OFFICE TO: ALL OFFICERS SUBJECT:  SMITH PERKINS PROMOTION PARTY AND GIFT On Thursday, May 2, 2008 at 4:30 P.M., in the officers mess As you know, Smith has been with us for 12years now, and has been held in high regard by his fellow officers. I am requesting that each officer donate $10.00 so that we might present to Smith a gift memorializing his promotion. We are not yet decided on the type of gift, and your suggestions would be highly appreciated. Look forward to seeing you on Thursday. Marcus Jenkins Sample 3                 NOTICE OF UNSATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE                                   Date: 3rd May 2008 To: Marry Ann Bush     Confirming our meeting relative to certain unsatisfactory aspects of your performance, we expect that in the future you shall improve your performance by the earliest convenience     We have every confidence the problem will not be repeated. John Shawn HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER Comparative analysis on British and American letters British letters English style of letter writing   Empirical research on both English pedagogy as well as the key elements of writing business letter within the British perspective elicits much interest in English pedagogy.    Due to the originality of the English language from Britain, it is deemed that, the formats and other key elements of writing letters are borrowed from the British culture of writing letters  According to Jenkins and Hinds, the letter writing process takes place in three reoccurring stages. These reoccurring stages are Pre-writing, writing and re-writing. This combination makes letter-writing recursive (Jenkins and Hinds 1987: 327). In many British writing centers writing is taught with a focus on meaning, not form; on process, not product; on authorial intention and audience expectation, not teacher authority or punitive measures; on holistic and human concerns, not errors and isolated skills.  The British have been following two styles and formats in their letter writing methods. Full block style: In this method of writing a business letter, the text and all its elements is aligned to the left margin of the paper. Modified block style: This requires writing the text down the middle of the page and aligning the return address, date, closing, signature, and typed name on the same direction (down the text); the other elements of the text are aligned to the left page margin of the paper. (George Mason University Writing Center 2006:1)  A close examination of the elements of the letter shows that elements of the letter are the keys to a successful letter. The return address of the company the letter writer represents is important so as to facilitate the intended response reaching him after his submission. The second most elements are the date of letter. This is followed by inside address, salutation, body, closing, signature and position of the letter writer.  The British have long used this concept as a tangible aspect of writing their letters. British style is brief, straightforward, and polite. According to George Mason University 2006, British letters follow a certain intrinsic format. This is as discussed below. Below are the structural of a standard business letter and their functions: Return Address: This refers to the letter writers’ address or the address of the company he represents Date: The writer leaves two blank lines after the return address. The writer spells out the month and writes the day, puts a comma, and then inserts the year. Inside Address: The writer leaves two blank lines after the date. He type the address of the person he is writing to. Salutation: The writer starts his letter with Dear, followed by the person’s name or ends this line with a colon if he doesn’t know the name of the recipient. Body: British culture calls for the writer to align the message on the left margin. He skips a line before starting a new paragraph without indenting. Also he makes each paragraph clear and concise. Closing: British style recommends you double space after your last body paragraph, then use a conventional closing, followed by a comma (sincerely yours) Signature: The writers’ signature appears below the closing and if he has no personal relationship with the addressee use both his first and last name. Elements and styles of writing British letters  English letters follow the above-discussed format and structure; however, there is a distinct style in the syntax formation and the type of words and references to use when writing a letter. Practical opening lines of a letter Opening lines in a letter are meant to introduce the writer’s intentions and to make reference to previous correspondence. Opening lines commonly used in the British culture are commonly adapted into other cultures. (see www.speakspeak.com) With reference to your letter dated 15th May 2007, I am glad to inform you that I will consider working with you. I am writing to enquire about the amount of money deposited in my account on 4th April 2008. Your response will be highly appreciated After having seen your advertisement in the daily telegraph, I am hereby applying for the post of executive secretary. After having received your address from you dear friend Johnson Atkinson, I am hereby writing to you about your relatives in Moscow. We/I recently wrote to you about the college in Glasgow. It is my pleasure to inform you that the college is enrolling students and they are waiting for your application Thank you for your letter of 8 May. We are happy to let you know that our company has appointed you to the post of executive sales manager. Thank you for your letter regarding the issue of orders to the Coventry. Its my sincere wish to have the orders delivered as soon as possible Thank you for your letter/e-mail about the price of the motorcycle. I really appreciate your information. In reply to your letter of 8 May, the amount of money I am willing to pay for the car is half that you quoted. (www.speakspeak.com.) Samples of British letters Sample i Nexus Holdings 7115 MJB Thames Avenue London Ref; 0078/2 /5/2008                                                             Managing director                                                                                               Mounilex Trading Co.                                                                                               SLR 543L London Re: Complaint                                                           Dear Sir,  We regret to inform you that your delivery team delayed the supply of gunny bags.  I would appreciate if you sent over one of your representatives to address the issue promptly. Yours faithfully †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..                                                               †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Susan Price                                                                             Anthony Hopkins Accountant General.                                                            Managing director Sample ii                                                                                                                 Jack Miles                                                                                                          Trafalgar square Ave                                                                                                          London                                                                                                          Tel 0444 453 675                                                                                                          April 29, 2008                                                                                                          Michael Lawrence                                                                                                          Human Resources dept                                                                                             10TH Broadway Av                                                                                        London Dear Mr. Miles, I am writing in response to your advertisement on Tuesday on the telegraph. I am interested in the position of chief accountant.  I have a bachelor’s degree in Economics from the University of Liverpool and a diploma in advanced accounts studies from Oxford University.  I have enclosed is my resume and a copy of my certificates for your perusal. I am available for an in interview any time you find convenient.  I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Jack Miles Sample iii  HEAD HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICE NEW YORK Tel. 07036781488 OFFICIAL NOTE Ref No. 78/27th April 2008 This official note is issued to Karen Whittaker, occupying a receptionist position in the company, is to certify that Karen has been granted a one month leave.    This is to serve before HR department.                                                                                                          †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦                                                                                                           Greg Morison                                                                                                           HR Manager       There are several other formats of business letters which are used Samples                                                                                               DAVID MARLONE                                                                                                                    RYAN ISLAND                                                                                              PARIS, FRANCE  THE MANAGER BLACKWATER HOLDING 345 HR43 BORDEAUX BORDEAUX FRANCE                                   Dear sir/madam  RE: ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING  This reference concerns the forthcoming general meeting of the directors of Black-water Holdings, which will be held at the Pan-Africa hotel. You are reminded that your attendance is highly expected. Yours faithfully CLARK SANDLINE MANAGER American letter writing context  The American culture has been wiped out by the email trends, which have turned out as the most popular methodologies of writing letters. Baron 2001 argues that ‘given e-mail’s stage wise evolution, it’s hardly surprising that commonplace depictions of the linguistic character of email (such as â€Å"everyone uses emoticons †or â€Å"the email medium leads to flaming†) are not universally applicable to the messages written today by grandmothers, job applicants, customers ordering on-line, or teenage girls chatting through instant messaging’ (Baron 2001:1). This change of style and the traditional methodologies of contemporary writing style I s blamed on three education reform systems; the Harvard, John Dewey and a student-centered curriculum from the 1970s onwards (6). Consequence of these reforms has been a away shift from teaching formal rhetoric to encouraging informal writing, typically placing more value on what the student wants to express than on the actual language (including sentence mechanics) used to express it. This has further led to an increased candor, coupled with growing disregard for the social and intellectual behaviors traditionally associated with upward mobility and education; have to do with contemporary writing style? We said earlier (Figure 6) that email and contemporary writing more generally tend to be characterized by informality of style, a psychological assumption that the medium is ephemeral and a high level of candor’ (7-10).  These changes in syntax and speech structure in writing communication letters are characterized by such inceptions and transformations like the ones below. Homer = home run Albany = AlbaN.Y. nothing = othing  Though these reflect on the traditional style and genre, these letters are still apt in the current American culture however, defunct in the emerging ages of the youth and affluent societies.    The emergence of e-mail culture and hackneyed slang lingo has left the American letter writing culture blunt and rhetorical. In Treimans approach to structural difference in the American English letter writing and speech form to the British one, she explains that American students spoke a rhotic dialect, pronouncing an /r/ in such words as leper, hermit, horde, and gnarl while British students with their nonrhotic dialect, did not include an /r/ in such words. This brings the difference in the pronunciation and spelling in the American style and the British (Treiman 2002: 3).  Various structural, spelling and syntax formation differences in the American letter writing culture embroider a challenging empirical research on the genre of writing letters the American way. Samples of American letters There is minimal structural difference in the academically recommended letter writing styles. The emerging context of difference is blamed on the emerging trends and cultures. These samples are traditional American letter DANIEL ARMANI PO BOX 345 LSP NEW YORK USA 3rd April 2008 JOHN NEBRASKA MANAGER CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS PO BOX 23454 WASHINGTON DC USA Re: INTELLIGENCE BRIEF RECIEPT Dear Sir,  This reference concerns the latest intelligence brief submitted for your analysis last week. Please acknowledge receiving the brief.                                                                                                          Yours truly                                                                                                          Daniel Armani The structure of this letter is unique. The writers name and address is on the right while the addressee’s names and address is the left side of the letter. The writers conclusion is on the right side and he signs out with a ‘yours truly sincerely’ on the right side of the letter. Sample 2 DANIEL ARMANI PO BOX 345 LSP NEW YORK USA 3rd April 2008 JOHN NEBRASKA MANAGER CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS PO BOX 23454 WASHINGTON DC USA Re: INTELLIGENCE BRIEF RECIEPT Dear Sir,  This reference concerns the latest intelligence brief submitted for your analysis last week. Please acknowledge receiving the brief.                                                                                                          Yours truly                                                                                                          Daniel Armani                                                      Differences between Canadian, British, Latvian and American letters                                               Notable differences in the genre, style and speech between these nations is mostly observed in the structural form. Also, observations on the letters from either of the nation show differences in syntax and word form which another notable difference is within the format. Below are samples of these letters. Each has a distinct feature from te other and these distinct features will be noted below. Sample of American standards business letter JOHN SMITH RUE MONTAMTRE             125 PARIS, FRANCE 3RD April 2008  THE MANAGER PANAFRIC HOLDING 134 RUE BORDEAUX BORDEAUX                                      Dear sir/madam  RE: REMINDER OF THE 5TH INVESTORS SUMMIT  This reference concerns the forthcoming 5th investor’s summit to be held at the Ritz hotel. You are reminded that we are looking forward to your attendance as a member of the investors club.  For further details kindly please write to us as soon as possible Yours faithfully JOHN SMITH MANAGER Sample British business letter Nexus Holdings 7115 MJB Thames Avenue London Ref; 0078/2 /5/2008 Director  Mounilex Trading Co  SLR 543L London                                       Re: Complaint                                                           Dear Sir,  We regret to inform you that your delivery team delayed the supply of gunny bags.  I would appreciate if you sent over one of your representatives to address the issue promptly. Yours faithfully †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..                                                              †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Susan Price                                                                             Anthony Hopkins Accountant General.                                                            Managing director  Sample Canadian business letter                                                                                                          Jack Miles                                                                                                          Trafalgar square Ave                                                                                                          London                                                                                                          Tel 0444 453 675                                                                                                          April 29, 2008                                                                                                          Michael Lawrence                                                                                                          Human Resources dept                                                                                             10TH Broadway Av                                                                                                 London Dear Mr. Miles, I am writing in response to your advertisement on Tuesday on the telegraph. I am interested in the position of chief accountant.  I have a bachelor’s degree in Economics from the University of Liverpool and a diploma in advanced accounts studies from Oxford University.  I have enclosed is my resume and a copy of my certificates for your perusal. I am available for an in interview any time you find convenient.  I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours truly †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Jack Miles  Sample Latvian letter Mr. Roy Lawrence 12187 Manchester 54 MJB Manchester UK May 26, 2002 The General Electric Company 15456 Dawson Park Way College Park, FL 33133 Manchester UK Dear Customer Service Representative: I recently purchased one of your sockets for my television cable extension. Unfortunately, after viewing the components that came with the product, I discovered that four of the parts were missing. Also, the instructions that came with the tent are in Portuguese and Russian, but not in English, the language I speak. These two unforeseen problems have resulted in the socket remaining unused.  I am writing to request replacements for the missing parts, and a copy of the full set of assembly instructions (in English) for the model I purchased. If reasonable arrangements are not made within ten business days, I will return the socket to the store I purchased it from and expect a full refund. To assist you in processing my request, I am including a copy of my sales receipt and a list of the missing parts. I have purchased other electrical appliances manufactured by your company in the past, and have always been impressed with the quality. I sincerely hope this that any future purchases I make will live up to the standard. Sincerely,  Roy Lawrence                         Enc: 2, Differences between American and British Style of letter writing and the Canadian and Latvian context Major differences are observed in the spelling. British spelling is different from the American spelling although most words are spelled the same way globally. The difference between the British spelling and the American spelling is small. Words ending with -ize in American English are spelled with -ise in British English (sympathize, sympathise); the words that end in -or in America end in -our in Britain (honor, honour; It is notable that many consonants that are single before suffixes in America are doubled in Britain (traveled, travelled) this is observed in the basic writing of various texts. Summary British spelling when writing letters American spelling when writing letters Emphasise Sympathise Honour Colour Emphasize Sympathize Honor Color  Traveled Leveled Catalogue Travelled Levelled Catalog  Much pedagogy on the grammar context focus on the UK style however it is also important to have insights of the other countries. In the UK, it is in order to write the senders name before the address in business letters. Another observations regarding differences between American and British business writing style is that while it is unusual in the UK to close a formal business letter with Yours truly, this practice is accepted in the USA.  Other differences between British and American are seen within the context of designations for the different members of the Board of Directors when writing to them as a group. Summary British style American style  ·Ã‚        Sender name appears before the address though it is optional based on designation  ·Ã‚        Closing the letter is usually through a ‘yours sincerely’ or ‘yours faithfully’  ·Ã‚        When addressing many people or directors the writers uses ‘Dear sir’s’ â€Å"directors’ or ‘Messrs’  ·Ã‚        Senders name does not appear though often some letters have this feature  ·Ã‚        Closing the letters is usually through a ‘yours truly’  ·Ã‚        The American style entails the use of â€Å"The directors† This difference in style, grammar and format is summarized below British style, format and grammar of writing letters American style, format and grammar of writing letters  ·Ã‚        Headings are on the centre or right hand side of the letter  ·Ã‚        References are on the upper left of the letter  ·Ã‚        When writing the dates the writer uses the format Day, Month, Year  ·Ã‚        Uses Messrs when addressing the addressee.  ·Ã‚        Uses ‘messrs, company name then the address and other important addresses  ·Ã‚        Attention line includes name of the addressee  ·Ã‚        Uses ‘Dear sirs  ·Ã‚        Has no subject line in the letter  ·Ã‚        Headings of the writer are at the right side of the letter  ·Ã‚        Reference are on the lower left or right side of the letter  ·Ã‚        The American writer uses the format Month, Day, Year  ·Ã‚        Uses ‘Dear sir’ when addressing directors or other officials  ·Ã‚        Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs./Miss full name, title, company name, address  ·Ã‚        American writers start with Dear Mr./Ms. Johansen followed by salutation  ·Ã‚        American don’t use this  ·Ã‚        American format does have a subject line   Observation  The letters have different structures, formats and style. By examining the initial sample, we find out that, the Americans align their names and address to the right then write the name and address of the addressee on the left. They are direct to the point though not very courteous and straight to the point. Americans use fewer English words in comparison to the British and seem to be in a habit of being rhetoric.  The reference is underlined while the date is below the writers address. The letter ends with a ‘yours faithfully’ which denotes self confidence and frankness. Its written on the right hand side of the letter. This shows a structure which has the personal references on one side and the references of the addresses on the left side. The British letter has the writers address and personal reference centered on the top of the letter. It is like a letter head. There are two references and all are on the left side of the letter. The first one has the references number of the previous communication and comes before the address and profile of the addressee. The second reference comes after the addressee’s address and is pushed towards the center and underlined.  The opening lines are aligned to the centre. This is meant to indicate emphasis on rank and respect by the writer. The body is brief and concise. The writer is up to the point as fast and with as few words as possible. The signatories are aligned to the centre and the letter is closed with a ‘yours sincerely’ which is aligned to the centre of the letter.  The Canadian letter has the address of both the writer and addressee on the right side of the paper. After his address, he double spaces and enters the date then writes the addressee’s address. The opening lines begin with a ‘dear..’ and are on the left of the letter.   The body of the letter is long and uses words to emphatically concentrate on the subject of the letter and to inform the addressee of the point which the writer wants him to understand. The letter closes with a ‘yours truly’ which is indicative of honesty and politeness. It is aligned on the left of the letter and the writer signs and enters his name after the signature.  The Latvian letter is aligned to the left side. The writers name and address are on the left side of the paper. He enters the date after his addresses then enters the addressee’s address. The opening is curt and aligned to the immediate left of the letter so as to align with the addresses. There is no reference though it is a necessity in the writing convections.  The body draws out a less courteous writer and he is very straight to the point. He avoids using many words and is rapid in what he is communicating about.   He closes the letter with a ‘sincerely’ which further denotes lack of courtesy and explains the versatile briefness in the Latvian communication. Comparative analysis of Latvian, British, Canadian and American letters  British American Canadian Latvian British align their names and address at the centre Write the name of the addressee on the left Use various words to explain References are not underlined Closes with a ‘yours sincerely or sincerely yours’ Headings are on the centre or right hand side of the letter Americans align their names and address to the right Write the name and address of the addressee on the left They are direct to the point The reference is underlined Closes with a ‘yours truly Headings are on the right hand side The writers name and addresses are on the left Writes name and addressee on the left and also the date Use more words to explain their point Uses no reference or at times uses Closes with a ‘yours truly Headings are on the right side of the letter The writers name is aligned to the left side Writes the name of the addressee on the left side Uses curt and direct words Has or often does not have references Closes with a ‘yours sincerely or ‘sincerely yours The headings are on the centre.  Conclusion There are differences in each letter writing culture while there are distinct similarities in some cultures. Each culture uses the British style and genre of body structure while they have transformed their formats from the standards British format to suit their culture needs.  However, there rises a context of distance of cultures whereby we observe similarities  in cultures near each other. The British culture is being common in the formal Latvian letter writing style and culture. The same applies to the Multicultural United States and the Multicultural Canada. They share common styles and formats.
Friday, November 15, 2019
The Influence of Society on the Young Goodman Brown Essay -- essays re
     Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown illustrates vividly how society and culture can very much influence a person’s sense of identity and belonging, or in the case of Young Goodman Brown the lack thereof. Being a Puritan man in a society that scorned the ways of witches and the devil, Young Goodman Brown grew up with a very pious outlook on life. Yet when it occurs to him to look at life a little bit differently, Young Goodman Brown receives more than he has bargained for. The journey he embarks on sheds a whole new light on his society that not only creates a struggle between himself and his fellow men but also one within himself.      From the beginning of Hawthorne’s story a test of faith prevails. From the moment that Young Goodman Brown parts with his wife, Faith, to when they meet again at the heart of the forest, the very manner Young Goodman Brown has been taught his entire life is at stake. Yet it is not so much Goodman Brown’s faith in God that is the concern but whether or not Goodman Brown feels he can trust anyone or anything he has ever come to know and believe in. Society has preconditioned him to think a certain way, thus through this journey Young Goodman Brown cannot deal with the new Puritan life he witnesses. Since he is unsure of what his society is truly like Goodman Brown is now incapable of knowing his place in society and knowing whom he really is.      In an article entitled â€Å"Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three American Stories†Walter Shear discusses how Young Goodman Brown â€Å"swings out of time, paradoxically and almost deliriously senses his power, and then moves abruptly back to contemplate his cultural fate†. It is up to Goodman Brown if, upon his return to his home, he will live â€Å"with a resigned contentment at his place in the world or with an irreconcilable bitterness at his powerlessness†(548). Young Goodman Brown goes into the forest at first with only a small expectation of what he is going to experience. Of his fellow Puritan society he sees the bad seeds as well as supposed men and women of the utmost regard. He sees virgin girls filled with reverence and innocence, and even members of the church present at the devil’s ceremony. This causes Young Goodman Brown to question his entire upbringing and trust in his society. It creates... ...o into the forest. But he did therefore choosing to chance the event of seeing something he might never would have wanted to see. But now it is too late and poor Young Goodman Brown has become a prisoner of his own mind for he is unsure of what is real anymore. Even on the day he died he was filled with gloom. The story of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†presents a struggle with the clash of Goodman Brown’s cultural fate of being a Puritan and his mind that is exposed to unholy acts. He goes from a prisoner of only what his society has shown him to a prisoner of the fate to live in it even after he learns it’s potential evilness. By not succumbing to the sinfulness of his journey, Young Goodman Brown in turn succumbs to the struggle within his mind. He is trapped by taunting thoughts and allows his life to be guided by the confusion that has caused him to forever question reality. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown.†Fantastic Tales: Random      House, Inc.: New York: 1997. 181-196. Shear, Walter. â€Å"Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three Stories.†Studies in      Short Fiction: Newberry: Fall 1992. 29:4. 543-49.
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Salem Witch Trials and Account
Salem Witch Trial: Hangings Michelle Woodring Mr. Yates American Literature 1 May 2010 Salem Witch Trial: Hangings Theses There were many casualties of the Salem Witch Trials and there are still many mysteries today. * Salem History and Background * Witch Craft Starting * Symptoms of Witch Craft * People Accused of Witch Craft * Trials * Hangings * End of the Witch Hunt Michelle Woodring Mr. Yates American Literature 1 May 2010 Salem Witch Trials: Hanging’s In1688, John Putnam invited Samuel Parris to preach in the Village church (â€Å"An Account of. . †). A year later inflation adjustments, and free firewood, Parris accepted the job as Village minister r(â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). He moved to Salem Village with his wife Elizabeth, his six year old daughter Betty, niece Abagail Williams, and his Indian slave Tituba (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Sometime during February of 1692 young Betty Parris became strangely ill (â€Å"Salem Witch Trialsà ¢â‚¬ ). The cause of her symptoms seemed to match those of Ergot (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Betty’s behavior in some ways mirrored that of witch craft (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†).It was easy to believe with an Indian war raging less than several miles away that the devil was close in hand (An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Talk of witch craft increased when other playmates of Betty’s began to exhibit similar unusual behavior (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). William Griggs, a doctor, was called in to examine the girls he suggested that the girl’s problems might have a supernatural origin (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The number of girls afflicted continued to grow rising to seven (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The girls contorted into poses, fell down into frozen postures, and complained of biting and pinching sensations (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).Sometime after February 25 and 29 the first three accused of witch craft w ere Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborn (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Tituba was an obvious choice (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Sarah Good was a beggar (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Sarah Osborn was old and had not attended a church for over a year (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Tituba was the first witch to admit to doing witch craft (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Soon the spectral forms of other women attacking the afflicted girls came into the court rooms (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).Martha Corey, Rebecca Nurse, Sarah Cloyce, and Mary Easty were accused of witch craft during a March 20 church service (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Dorcas Good, four-year-old daughter of Sarah Good, became the first child to be accused of witch craft when three of the girls complained that they were bitten by the specter of Dorcas (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Deliverance Hobbs became the second witch to confess for doing witch craft (â€Å"An A ccount of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The first accused witch to be brought to trial at the local church was Bridget Bishop (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).At Bishop’s trial on June 2 a field hand testified that he saw Bishop’s image stealing eggs and then saw her transform herself into a cat (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Bishop’s jury returned a verdict of guilty on June 10 (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Bishop was carted to Gallows Hill and hanged (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). As the summer of 1692 warmed, the pace of trials picked up (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). John Proctor was openly critical of the trial and paid for his skepticism with his life (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). No execution caused more unease in Salem than that of the village’s ex minister, George Burroughs (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).Burroughs was identified by several of his accusers as the ringleader of the witches (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢ € ). Among the thirty accusers of Burroughs was nineteen-year-old Mercy Lewis that offered unusually vivid testimony against Burroughs saying that he had came to her in the middle of the night and made her sign the Devils book (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Burroughs became guilty and took to Gallows hill to be hanged he recited the Lord’s Prayer perfectly which greatly moved people (â€Å"An Account of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The Lord’s Prayer: Our father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, As in heaven, so on earth. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we Also have forgiven our debtors And lead us not into temptation, but Deliver us from evil: for thine is the Kingdom, and the power, and the glory Forever. Amen. One victim of Salem witch-hunt was not hung his name was Giles Corey (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). He died from being pressed to death by stones (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). T hree days after Giles Corey’s death on September 22 eight more convicted witches were hung (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†).They were the last victims of the witch-hunt (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). With spectral evidence not admitted, twenty-eight of the last thirty-three witchcraft trials ended in acquittals (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). In May of 1693, all remaining accused or convicted witches were released from prison (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). By the time witch-hunt ended nineteen convicted witches were executed (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). And at least four accused witches had died in prison (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Then one man was pressed to death by stones (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†).About one or two hundred other persons were arrested and imprisoned on witch craft charges and two dogs were executed as suspected accomplices of witches (â€Å"Salem Witch Trials†). Works Cited Linder, Douglas O. â€Å"An Account of Events in Salem,†Famous American Trials: Salem Witch Craft Trials of 1692. Sep 2009. Web. 15 Apr 2010. â€Å"Salem Witch Trials. †Wikipedia. Wikipedia Foundation. Inc. 12 Apr 2010. Web. 15 Apr 2010. â€Å"Matthew 6:9-13, The Lord’s Prayer. †Holy Bible: King James Version. Holman Bible Publishers. 1973. 26 Apr 2010.
Sunday, November 10, 2019
How basketball taught me hard work and discipline Essay
Self-Presentation General purpose: how basketball taught me hard work and discipline Specific purpose: hard work can help achieve anything Thesis statement through basketball I learned how to work hard and discipline myself to achieve my goals in life My passion for the basketball started when I was in my second year of high school, basketball not only helped me grow but also taught me a lot of things that I use in my everyday life. My passion for the game began during my last year of middle school, but despite trying out for the middle school team I was not chosen to be a part of it. Although this was of great disappointment to me, it did not deter me from my love of the game. It made me more driven and determined to work hard during the summer prior to entering high school to ensure that I was in a position to try-out for the high school freshman team. I practiced morning, noon and night in 90 degree heat, perfecting my shot and working out to improve my skills. This hard work paid off, when I was chosen to be a part of the freshman team and I have continued to work hard during my high school years to be an asset to the varsity team. I feel sure that this experience of being a part of the high school basketball team has helped me become successful in my academic life. Being part of a team has instilled in me the responsibilities and work ethic that carries over into other aspects of my life and I feel sure that this will be extremely valuable in my future endeavors at the University. And really more precisely on hard work, there is a saying that â€Å"hard work beats talent, when talent fails to work hard.†I believe this because to me it means that no matter how good you are if you don’t work hard, your talent is nothing. If Michael Jordan had not believed in working hard then he would not have been anywhere near as good as he is today. You do not only need to work hard in sports in the classroom, and life in general. Working hard in the classroom will give you many advantages later in life. That way you can get into a good college, and get a good job later in life. In all this experience, the greatest thing I learn is that hard work pays off, Although the above experience and accomplishment of being chosen to be a part of a team has contributed and shaped the person I am today.
Friday, November 8, 2019
Crime Scene Television-Portrayal of Women essays
Crime Scene Television-Portrayal of Women essays Throughout motion picture history, women have experienced more transition in their roles, as a result of changing societal norms, than any other class. At first, both society and the movie industry preached that women should be dependent on men and remain in the home, in order to guarantee stability in the community and the family. As time passed and attitudes changed, women were beginning to be depicted as strong willed, independent minded characters, who were eager to break away from convention. The genre of the crime film represents such a change in the roles handed to women. Two films that can be contrasted, in order to support this view, are: The Public Enemy by William Wellman (1931) and Bonnie In The Public Enemy, women are portrayed as naive and/or objects of carnal pleasure by men. In this period, women were often categorized as mothers, mistresses, sisters, or ladies. Ma Powers (played by Beryl Mercer), the lead character Tom Powers(played by James Cagney) mother, is easily fooled by Toms fake stories about where he get his money and doesnt believe that her "baby boy" could be a vile gangster. At one point during prohibition, when Tom brings home a barrel of beer, she doesnt even question where he obtained it, but rather takes a drink for herself. Ma Powers is the prototypical mother of the 1930s. She is blind to the ways of the world and doesnt see the danger of things, even in regard to her own children. She is a widow who does not work, but is supported by her sons. She is even blind to the fact that her sons hate one another. Even though, her Tom was sadistic killer and gangster, she always welcomes him back lovingly with open arms. At the end of the movie, she get s a phone call saying that Tom will be coming home from the hospital, where he had been treated for a gunshot. She rushes upstairs to make his bed and get his room ready, when the doorbell ring...
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
Which Schools Use the Universal College Application Complete List
Which Schools Use the Universal College Application Complete List SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re applying to college soon, you might have heard about the Universal College Application, a service that allows you to apply to multiple colleges with one application. So which colleges are on the Universal College Application? And is it worth using? We will give the complete list and also weigh the pros and cons of the UCA. What Is the Universal College Application? The UCA was created in 2007, and currently serves 44 colleges. While that’s a pretty big list, it’s much smaller than the list of colleges the Common Application serves. The Common Application is the Universal College Application’s main competitor, and works with over 500 colleges. However, just because fewer colleges accept the Universal College Application as opposed to the Common Application doesn’t mean it’s seen as worse. Colleges that accept both applications treat them as equal choices. For example, Harvard presents them as equal choices, listing â€Å"Common/Universal College Application†as a required part of your application. On their FAQ page, Cornell clarifies that both the Common and Universal College Application are treated equally:â€Å"Although there are slight differences in the applications, it is important to recognize that both applications provide us with the critical information that our selection committees will need to make thoughtful admissions decisions and they will be viewed equally.†So if the schools you’re interested in use both the Universal College Application and the Common Application, you can choose which one to use. The Biggest Names on the Universal College Application Many big name schools in the US use the Universal College Application, including three of the Ivy League schools – Cornell, Harvard, and Princeton. Brandeis University Cornell University Duke University Harvard College Johns Hopkins University Princeton University Rice University The University of Chicago Vanderbilt University Notably, the rest of the Ivy League – Brown, Dartmouth, Columbia, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale – doesn’t use the Universal College Application. Big names like Stanford, MIT, and Caltech don’t use it either. The Universal College Application by State 21 states, plus Bulgaria, have colleges that accept the Universal College Application. New York and Massachusetts have the most UCA schools, while most of the other states on the list only have one or two.Check out the complete list below. Florida Embry Riddle Aeronautical University – Daytona Beach, FL Lynn University – Boca Raton, FL University of Tampa – Tampa, FL Georgia Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) - Savannah, Georgia Illinois The University of Chicago – Chicago, IL Maryland Johns Hopkins University – Baltimore, MD Notre Dame of Maryland University – Baltimore, MD Massachusetts Bay Path College – Longmeadow, MA Brandeis University – Waltham, MA Dean College – Franklin, MA Emerson College – Boston, MA Fisher College – Boston, MA Harvard College – Cambridge, MA Wentworth Institute of Technology – Boston, MA Michigan Lawrence Technological University – Southfield, MI Missouri Westminster College – Fulton, MO New Jersey Monmouth University – West Long Branch, NJ Princeton University – Princeton, NJ New York Colgate University – Hamilton, NY Cornell University – Ithaca, NY Nazareth College – Rochester, NY Rensselaer Polytechnic University – Troy, NY Rochester Institute of Technology – Rochester, NY University of Rochester – Rochester, NY Utica College – Utica, NY North Carolina Duke University – Durham, NC Gardner-Webb University – Boiling Springs, NC Ohio Lake Erie College – Painesville, OH Pennsylvania Wilson College – Chambersburg, PA Rhode Island Bryant University – Smithfield, RI Johnson and Wales University – Providence, RI Roger Williams University– Bristol, RI South Carolina Newberry College – Newberry, SC Tennessee Christian Brothers University – Memphis, TN Vanderbilt University – Nashville, TN Texas Rice University – Houston, TX Vermont Landmark College – Putney, VT Southern Vermont College – Bennington, VT Virginia RandolphCollege –Lynchburg, VA West Virginia University of Charlestown – Charlestown, WV Wisconsin Beloit College– Beloit, WI Milwaulkee School of Engineering – Milwaukee, WI Wyoming University of Wyoming – Laramie, WY Bulgaria American University in Bulgaria – Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria States without Universal College Application Colleges Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine,Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota,Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Washington, DC. List of colleges via the Universal College Application website. Should You Use the Universal College Application? If you see a lot of your target schools on this list, you’re probably wondering if you should use the Universal College Application, or go with the Common Application instead. The main benefit to the Common Application is how many colleges it works with. So if you see most or all of the schools you want to apply to (excluding public state schools, which typically have their own application systems) on this list, you can go with the Universal College Application. The UCA is faster and more flexible in many ways – you can write your essay on whatever you want and include links to online content you’ve produced. Plus, since it’s a smaller service, you can get faster technical support if you need it and are less likely to run into submission problems. However, it’s very likely that you have a few colleges on your application list that only take the Common Application, not the Universal College Application. If that’s the case, you might want to consider going with the Common Application instead, since it will save you time. What’s Next? We have a thorough discussion of the differences between the Universal College Application and the Common Application in this post if you want to read more about the two options. Studying for the SAT or ACT? Learn for sure which one you will do best on. Get tips for writing the ACT essay or SAT essay, step-by-step. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Balance score card Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Balance score card - Essay Example Gradually Invest on New Equipments with the Help of a Financer and the Commune. The Mayor could help out in financial matters since both have the same goal on providing the local community with the access to health care services as well as in maintaining the employment of ABC Hospital stakeholders. The Mayor has the power to grant the hospital some money to buy the needed equipments and facilities and lessen the tax collection from the organization. Establish a Strict Guidelines and Random Checking on the Quality of Products & Services that are Currently Outsourced. This will enable the hospital to acquire the best quality products and services at lower costs. It is not wise to reduce the cost by allowing the quality of food being served to the patients to suffer. Encourage Expansion and Investment on Equipments for the Rehabilitation Ward. Allowing further development and investments on specific wards that has a big market potential could minimize opportunity loss. Transferring some beds from the less active wards into a bigger rehabilitation ward will encourage maximizing the use of existing equipments. Reallocation of available resources is important because of the limited funds. Maximize Economies of Scale on Existing Wards. This strategy will help keep down the operational costs. By carefully analyzing and studying the demand for each ward in the hospital, the management could easily decide on whether to expand or cut down the size of each ward. In line with restructuring the size of wards, the number of nurses and doctors should be assigned according to the demand in each ward. Re-establish the Customers’ Confidence on the ABC Hospital. With the use of the media and church, it would be easier for the organization to re-establish the name and reputation of the hospital as the best in delivering quality services to the community. Using the media and advertisements to announce the
Friday, November 1, 2019
Failures of DRM and Digital content copyright Essay
Failures of DRM and Digital content copyright - Essay Example Additionally, according to Hombal & Prasad (2012, p. 237), the media must keep changing from one data format to another. Producers of digital materials ought to generate device-specific and product-specific licenses, which are only issued to the client after delivery, for use in specific devices. This implies that any reproduced copies only operate in the originally licensed device and the licensed product. Producers ought to collaborate with network experts such that if any attempt to reproduce digital materials in a device is sensed from any location. This requires a great deal of partnership, involving the hardware manufacturers who should install the electronic tracking units in the hardware devices. The devices can be configured to send information to central location for monitoring copyright reproduction. Campidoglio M., Frattolillo F & Landolfi F, 2009, "The Copyright Protection Problem: Challenges and Suggestions", ICIW, 2009, Internet and Web Applications and Services, International Conference on, Internet and Web Applications and Services, International Conference on 2009, pp.
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